The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that surround your shoulder joint, helping you lift and rotate your arm. A rotator cuff tear occurs when one or more of these tendons becomes partially or completely torn, either from acute injury or gradual wear and tear over time.
You might experience shoulder pain, especially when lifting your arm overhead or sleeping on the affected side, along with weakness and reduced range of motion. Some tears cause sudden, severe pain, while others develop gradually with increasing discomfort. If you're experiencing persistent shoulder pain or weakness, an orthopedic evaluation can determine whether you have a rotator cuff tear and what treatment is most appropriate.