Winter weather can be beautiful – but it can also be risky if you’re not prepared. To help you stay safe and enjoy the season, we asked Dr. Jessica Riley, WellSpan York Hospital Medical Director of Emergency Medicine, to share expert tips to help you decide how to shovel and what to wear to prevent weather-related injuries. 

Q: What should I do before heading outside in cold weather?
A: Always check the weather, temperature and wind chill. This helps you decide when to shovel and what to wear to prevent weather-related injuries. Plan to take regular breaks to warm up, hydrate and rest.

Q: How should I dress for cold conditions?
A: Dress in layers of loose-fitting clothing. Even cool temperatures above 40°F can cause hypothermia if you get wet or sweat too much. Remove extra layers when you feel too warm to prevent clothing from becoming wet from sweat.

Q: What are the signs of hypothermia?
A: Hypothermia occurs when your body loses heat faster than it produces it. Watch for:

• Shivering.
• Exhaustion.
• Confusion.
• Slurred speech.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s time to go inside and warm up. For severe symptoms such as confusion or slurred speech, seek medical care right away.

Q: How can I spot frostbite?
A: Frostbite can permanently damage your skin and even lead to amputation. Symptoms include:

• Redness or pain in skin areas.
• White or grayish-yellow skin.
• Skin that feels firm or waxy.
• Numbness.

Red and painful skin is the first sign, so if you notice this, get indoors immediately to warm up. If symptoms do not resolve, avoid walking on affected feet or toes, submerge the area in warm (not hot) water and seek medical care.

Q: Any tips for shoveling snow safely?
A: Shoveling is strenuous, know your limits. You should also use a small, plastic blade and remember:

• Lift with your legs, not your back.
• Bend at your knees.
• Keep the shovel close to your body.
• Push heavy snow rather than lifting.
• Take breaks, stretch and stay hydrated.

Q: What should I do if I notice unusual symptoms while outside?
A: Listen to your body. If you experience loss of sensation, pain, color changes, shortness of breath, chest pain or lightheadedness, seek medical attention immediately.

Q: Where can I get care if an injury occurs?
A: WellSpan offers convenient in-person and virtual care options. Find the right option for you at: Get Care Now - WellSpan Health. 

“You know your body best, so pay attention to any irregular changes or symptoms,” said Dr. Riley.

Stay safe, warm and enjoy the winter season responsibly.